Was silent reading unusual during Augustine's time? If so, what implications might a comment by Augustine in his Confessions (6.3.3.) have on the larger question of whether reading was primarily oral rather than silent in the ancient world? In 'Toward a Sociology of Reading in Classical Antiquity,' American Journal of Philology 121 (2000) 593-627, William A. Johnson quoted Augustine's passage from the Confessions concerning the reading habits of his mentor, the archbishop of Milan, Aurelius Ambrosius, who read silently. The inference is that silent reading was unusual in Augustine's time: 'When Ambrose read, his eyes ran over the columns of writing and his heart searched out the meaning, but his voice and his tongue were at rest.'

In A History of Reading (1996), Alberto Manguel devoted Chapter Two to 'The Silent Readers.' This was one of the most detailed expositions on silent reading, including the issue of how reading aloud was probably the norm since the beginning of the written word. In August 2019, the text of that chapter was online at this link.

No later than 1470, printer Johann Mentelin of Strasbourg issued the first printing of St. Augustine's Confessions. The edition is undated but has been determined to be not later than 1470. ISTC no. ia01250000. In November 2013, a digital facsimile was available from the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek at this link. In September 2014, I had the pleasure of viewing the German biographical film starring Franco Nero, Des Leben des heiligen Augustinus (2010). Conveniently, the DVD was very well dubbed in English. This was the best film that I had seen to date with respect not only to its treatment of Augustine's life, but also in its authentic depiction of book rolls and early codices in the period of transition from the roll to the codex. As expected, the trailer in English did not feature the book aspect of Augustine's life.