NASA astronauts briefly sheltered on the ISS following an air leak in the transfer tunnel, while the space agency confirmed the MAVEN probe's end after years of Mars exploration. Meanwhile, researchers unveiled an AI-designed vaccine and used the James Webb Space Telescope to directly measure a dormant black hole 10 billion light-years away, marking the farthest such measurement to date.

The dormant black hole at the center of galaxy MRG-M0138 was weighed using gravitational lensing, a technique that leverages the object's gravity to warp light from background objects. Lead researcher Andrew Newman of Carnegie Science called it a breakthrough for studying early universe black holes, with findings published in Science. Simultaneously, AI contributed to vaccine development, though details remain limited.

A Sahara Desert meteorite revealed evidence of a protoplanet that orbited the sun 4.5 billion years ago, according to the University of Colorado Boulder. The angrite meteorite suggests this lost world was at least moon-sized, offering insight into early solar system dynamics. These discoveries underscore how modern telescopes and AI are reshaping scientific understanding.