The APOE4 gene variant increases Alzheimer’s risk, but does not guarantee dementia. Carriers have three times the risk with one copy and 12 times with two, though outcomes vary. Experts stress that lifestyle factors like exercise, diet, and avoiding smoking or heavy drinking are especially impactful for APOE4 carriers.
The variant makes the brain more vulnerable to 'second hits' like head injuries, cardiovascular issues, and certain medications. Healthy habits may offer greater benefits to carriers, with exercise showing particular promise in reducing risk.
Source: New York Times Top Stories · Summarized by HeadlinesBriefing