也门政府得到了沙特战机的支持，周一发动进攻，试图夺回战略性的红海水道，就在宣布对伊朗支持的胡塞武装发动重大军事行动一天之后。2015年3月，沙特在也门发动了空袭行动，并领导了一个主要由逊尼派阿拉伯国家组成的联盟，其中最突出的是阿拉伯联合酋长国。 stated goal was to restore the Yemeni government that the Houthis drove out of the capital, Sanaa, in 2014. But despite years of fighting, that did not happen, and a brutal war helped cause one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises. In 2022, a fragile truce was agreed and most of the fighting abated.
But the agreement began to unravel in July this year, after the Houthis accused Saudi Arabia of bombing the airport in Sanaa. The truce collapsed last month when a sweeping Houthi military offensive took over Yemen’s Red Sea coast. Saudi officials, the threat felt existential.
Saudi leaders said they feared that a hostile force on their southern border would function as a proxy for Iran, the kingdom’s main regional adversary. The intervention in Yemen was his first major act. The Emirates had its own agenda.
Its leaders viewed Islah, the Islamist-leaning party at the heart of the anti-Houthi coalition, with profound distrust. By cultivating proxy forces in Yemen, the Emirates sought control over key maritime commercial hubs along the country’s southern coast. When the Saudi-led coalition recaptured Aden in 2015, that appeared to presage a broader Houthi defeat.
But the effort to extend the offensive stalled and the militia fortified its positions near Sanaa, locking front lines in place for years as the Saudi-led air campaign dragged on. Coalition aircraft repeatedly struck civilian infrastructure but were unable to neutralize the Houthis or destroy their weapons stockpiles. The anti-Houthi alliance also fractured: Rival Yemeni groups opposed each other and growing friction between Saudi Arabia and the Emirates caused problems, too.
An Emirati-led offensive to seize the Red Sea port of Hudaydah in 2018 descended into stalemate. The coalition was eventually forced to pull back under international pressure as Yemen teetered on the brink of famine. In August 2019, the Southern Transitional Council turned its weapons on its Saudi-backed allies and seized control of Aden, the interim capital of the government that the coalition had sought to restore.
来源: New York Times Top Stories · 由HeadlinesBriefing整理摘要