Michelangelo's The Last Judgment is undergoing restoration at the Vatican after a chalky white salt film accumulated on the Renaissance masterpiece. The cleaning operation, which began in the Sistine Chapel, involves removing the buildup that has formed over three decades since the last major renovation. Restorers are using Japanese rice paper dipped in distilled water to carefully wipe away the salt deposits.

Nearly 25,000 visitors pass through the Vatican Museums daily, and their perspiration creates lactic acid that reacts with calcium carbonate on the fresco's surface. Climate change has exacerbated the problem, as visitors tend to sweat more in warmer conditions, increasing humidity levels. The restoration team expects to complete the cleaning by Easter in early April.

The difference between cleaned and uncleaned sections is striking, with vibrant colors and intricate details now visible where the salt film has been removed. Restorers can see Michelangelo's brushwork on Jesus's hair and crucifixion wounds. The Vatican is exploring filtration systems and other technologies to prevent future salt buildup rather than limiting visitor access to the chapel.