Testing verified by The New York Times has found that clothing on certain Labubu dolls contains cotton from China's Xinjiang region, which is banned in the United States under the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act. The viral collectible dolls, created by Hong Kong artist Kasing Lung and sold by Chinese company Pop Mart, have become a global phenomenon with collectors paying premium prices for coveted versions.

Sixteen of 20 Labubu dolls purchased from retailers including Amazon, eBay, Shein, AliExpress and directly from Pop Mart tested positive for Xinjiang cotton, mainly in their T-shirts. The company could face serious consequences if found in violation—the 2021 law allows the U.S. to blacklist companies, banning all their products from entering the country. Pop Mart stated it would investigate its supply chain and develop alternative materials for the U.S. market.

Nonprofit groups have submitted findings to U.S. Customs and Border Protection, which could enforce an import ban. Xinjiang produces over 90% of China's cotton and roughly 20% of global supply. The Trump administration is monitoring for violations ahead of President Trump's planned visit to Beijing, making this a potential test case for enforcement of the 2021 law.