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How the Internet Actually Works

DEV Community •
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A new tutorial series explains how the internet functions, aimed specifically at DevOps engineers learning networking fundamentals. The author admits this isn't written by an expert, but rather a beginner documenting their journey to build clarity and invite discussion. The post breaks down a standard browser request into seven distinct steps.

It starts with the browser asking the operating system for an IP address via DNS, moving to the TCP handshake and TLS encryption for HTTPS. The author emphasizes that HTTP requests are encapsulated inside TCP, which sits inside IP packets. To make this practical, the guide maps specific Linux commands to each step.

Tools like `dig` for DNS, `nc` for TCP, and `curl` for HTTP are presented as essential for debugging. The goal is to help engineers stop guessing and instead debug from the bottom up when connections fail. The author plans to continue the series with a deep dive into IP addresses and ports.