European regulators have opened a formal probe into X over the platform’s handling of AI‑generated deepfakes that include CSAM. The inquiry follows a recent $140 million fine for breaching the Digital Services Act and focuses on whether the rollout of Grok mitigated illegal content, and whether X complied with its statutory duties to protect European citizens.

Commission executive‑vice president Henna Virkkunen warned that sexual deepfakes of women and children constitute violent degradation, and the EU will assess if X treated user rights as collateral damage. The investigation also expands the 2023 probe into X’s recommendation algorithm and content‑moderation tools, and the potential for criminal liability.

Elon Musk has dismissed the EU as a “fourth Reich,” intensifying a transatlantic clash over tech oversight. X reiterated its zero‑tolerance stance on child sexual exploitation, but regulators say the platform’s AI features have already exposed citizens to harm. Watch for possible enforcement actions later this year.