American intelligence suggests China has recently increased its support for Iran amid the ongoing conflict, potentially shipping shoulder-fired missiles. While officials caution the intelligence regarding the missile transfer remains unconfirmed, Beijing is reportedly allowing some domestic firms to supply Iran with dual-use chemicals and fuel for military production.

This alleged covert involvement signals Beijing perceives a strategic interest in the war's outcome, even as it attempts to maintain public neutrality. China’s economic relationship with Iran is deep; U.S. data shows Chinese purchases account for roughly 90 percent of Iran’s exported oil, funding Tehran’s military activities.

Russia is also implicated, reportedly supplying targeting intelligence, which collectively shows major adversaries exploiting the Middle East crisis to challenge U.S. military commitments. This dynamic complicates upcoming trade and security talks between Washington and Beijing, scheduled for next month.

Despite the potential escalation implied by supplying offensive weaponry, China’s spokesman flatly denied sending any arms to the region. Beijing faces a balancing act between supporting Tehran and preserving its far more significant energy and trade ties with Gulf Arab states.