Medicaid expansion now covers health care for inmates during their final months in jail or prison, aiding their return to society. This policy shift, driven by new federal law, addresses a critical gap: released inmates face a 13 times higher risk of death in the first two weeks compared to the general public, often due to untreated chronic conditions and substance use disorders. Until recently, Medicaid excluded prisoners, leaving them without coverage during the perilous transition period.

California's Medi-Cal program, the first state to receive federal approval under the new law in January 2023, enrolls tens of thousands of inmates and provides case management for up to a year post-release. Success stories like Jon Desantis, who received medication for depression and anxiety, housing assistance, and job training, highlight the program's impact. Roots Community Health case managers coordinate care, connecting inmates to psychiatrists, therapists, and job opportunities, significantly reducing the risk of recidivism and improving community health outcomes.

This change represents a seismic shift in correctional health policy, moving beyond the punitive model to address systemic issues. By integrating healthcare and social services into the release process, states aim to break cycles of incarceration and substance abuse, offering a lifeline that could save lives and reduce long-term costs for communities.