Argentina, long known for its welcoming immigration policies, is experiencing a dramatic shift under President Javier Milei. The libertarian leader has launched aggressive enforcement actions, including sweeping raids in immigrant neighborhoods like Liniers in Buenos Aires, where hundreds of law enforcement agents recently detained undocumented migrants.

Historically, Argentina absorbed more immigrants per capita than any other nation from 1850 to 1913, enshrining open immigration in its 1853 Constitution. The country maintained progressive policies through the early 2000s, offering citizenship after two years of residence and equal access to public services. Now, the Milei administration has shifted immigration oversight to the security ministry, making it a law enforcement priority.

The government claims, without evidence, that deportations by the Trump administration could fuel illegal migration to Argentina. Officials report deporting 620 immigrants in 2024, with nearly 5,000 expelled or denied entry in recent months. Critics argue this crackdown is a political maneuver to emulate right-wing leaders globally, while supporters say it's necessary to control borders and reduce public service costs.