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Bankruptcy Lawyer Deploys AI 'Lobsters' to Automate Legal Work

New York Times Business •
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Scott Bell, a bankruptcy attorney in Temecula, Calif., has become an unlikely pioneer in workplace automation by deploying five AI agents through OpenClaw software. The 59-year-old sci-fi enthusiast installed the system on four Mac Minis in March, creating virtual employees that handle court notices, client communications, and legal document analysis. Bell's orchestrator agent logs into legal software and his librarian agent reviews contracts, drafting responses that occasionally catch him off guard with novel legal strategies.

OpenClaw's agents continuously query large language models like ChatGPT Codex and Claude Opus to perform tasks, learning workflows over time. Bell's secretary now worries about job security, though he insists she'll keep working. The technology represents a shift toward 'agentic' AI that operates independently rather than through simple chat interfaces. Similar tools like Hermes, ZeroClaw, and Lindy are emerging as businesses experiment with autonomous digital workers.

However, the approach carries significant risks. Early adopters report agents malfunctioning unpredictably, accidentally sharing confidential information, or deleting critical files. Bell spent $150 on his first day and now maintains $200-a-month subscriptions to manage costs, though he must train agents to avoid excessive LLM queries that trigger throttling. Despite occasional confusion over file names, the system handles several hours of repetitive work weekly.

This experiment signals broader implications for knowledge workers as AI transitions from assistance to replacement. Bell's experience suggests small businesses may leapfrog corporate implementations, creating both opportunities for productivity gains and risks around data security and workforce displacement that could reshape employment patterns across professional services.