Xi Jinping's investment in resource stockpiles faces its biggest test as the Iran crisis disrupts shipping lanes. China has built what experts consider some of the world's largest reserves, with oil supplies estimated at 1.1-2 billion barrels—providing over 100 days of import coverage. The finance ministry allocated Rmb110.68bn ($16bn) for resource stockpiling in 2026, reflecting Beijing's focus on crisis preparedness.

The Middle East conflict particularly threatens China's energy security as one-third of its oil imports pass through the Strait of Hormuz. Beijing's strategic reserves dwarf the US's 415 million barrels, though analysts question whether China would release them solely for price control. The crisis highlights China's reliance on Gulf imports for chemicals and fertilizers.

China's response options include tapping reserves or developing alternative supply routes through the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. While renewables and domestic production have strengthened energy security, a prolonged maritime blockade could force Beijing to co-ordinate energy supplies across Central Asia. China's reserves represent the foundation of its economic security strategy.