Philanthropists face a unique challenge with artificial intelligence: the technology's impact on humanity remains deeply uncertain. While traditional philanthropy relies on defined problems and measurable results, AI presents speculative problems and solutions. Organizations like Ergo Impact, founded in 2024 with international donor funding, help philanthropists ensure AI serves the public interest by backing governance groups like Fathom and supporting early-stage non-profits.

Kellie Liket of Ergo Impact notes that being early to a high-risk problem is where true impact lies. Beyond societal benefits, philanthropists grapple with near-term risks. Wendy and Eric Schmidt have granted over $3 million to 19 labour economists via Schmidt Sciences to identify where AI could benefit or harm workers.

Similarly, the Windfall Trust, funded by the Future of Life Institute, researches how AI-driven productivity gains might erode tax bases and disrupt global wealth distribution. Adrian Brown of the Windfall Trust argues that reskilling alone is a narrow response to impending changes. With AI evolving at breathtaking speed, figures like Mike Kubzansky of the Omidyar Network warn philanthropy must engage urgently to avoid being caught flat-footed.

Initiatives like Humanity AI, a $500 million effort to democratize AI development, underscore the high stakes of this moment.