OpenAI has banned a network of ChatGPT accounts linked to a covert influence operation originating from China, which it has dubbed "Nine—emdash Line". This operation used AI to generate regional influence content targeting Vietnam, the Philippines, Hong Kong, and the US.

The content primarily focused on territorial disputes in the South China Sea, criticized Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos, and targeted Hong Kong pro-democracy figures like Jimmy Lai, Nathan Law, and Agnes Chow. The operation also generated content about US political issues, including the fentanyl crisis. While sharing some similarities with the "Spamouflage" operation, no direct technical links were found.

Actors used OpenAI's models for bulk social media post generation, research into niche forums, and even sought advice on social media growth strategies. Despite the volume of content, the operation achieved minimal engagement, with most interactions originating from within the network itself, classifying it as Category 2 on the IO impact Breakout Scale.