The Iran conflict has crippled oil exports through the vital Strait of Hormuz, disrupting global energy flows and spiking prices. This crisis underscores the vulnerability of fossil fuel dependence, pushing nations towards renewables. Asia, Europe, and Africa face immediate economic strain, while countries with robust renewable infrastructure like China are better insulated.

China's massive renewable build-out, including one in ten cars being electric, has reduced its import reliance despite continued coal use. India's slower transition, however, faces setbacks like cooking gas shortages. Wealthy nations, including Europe and Japan, are doubling down on fossil fuels rather than accelerating renewables, a lesson experts warn against.

Africa's import-dependent economies are particularly exposed, though some nations see renewables as a path to energy security. The crisis highlights that the real challenge is not just surviving the next shock, but ensuring it doesn't derail development.