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Musk's twin stocks: why a Tesla‑SpaceX merger still hangs in the balance

Financial Times Companies •
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SpaceX’s surprise IPO at the end of June has reignited speculation that Elon Musk may eventually fold Tesla into the rocket maker. Investors recall Musk’s earlier moves—using stronger assets to rescue weaker ones, such as Tesla’s purchase of SolarCity and xAI’s buyout of the former Twitter. The idea now hinges less on AI synergy and more on financial engineering, on the market.

Both companies face mounting capital pressures. Tesla’s free‑cash‑flow turned negative this year, while SpaceX’s share price has surged, giving Musk roughly 40% of the latter—double his stake in the carmaker. A combined entity could simplify joint projects like chip‑fab investments and an enterprise AI platform, but it would also force a valuation choice between two volatile stocks for future growth.

Wall Street still prefers holding two separate Musk‑controlled stocks; Tesla is down year‑to‑date but sits within 20% of its record, while SpaceX’s debut has generated fresh takeover currency. Any merger would have to balance the premium investors assign to Musk’s ventures against the discount traditionally applied to sprawling conglomerates, making the timing and share‑price premium the decisive factors for shareholders.