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The Walled Garden Problem and Open Social Web

Hacker News •
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In 2007, Tim Berners Lee wrote "The Giant Global Graph," envisioning relationships transcending documents and sites. Today, X sends cease-and-desist letters to Nitter, a simple frontend for viewing tweets without logging in. Twitter's once-open 2007 API enabled thousands of developers, but progressive closures — rate limits, pricing, login requirements, technical blocks, and legal threats — ended that ecosystem. Meta followed the same playbook a decade ago. Brewster Kahle, founder of Internet Archive, has long advocated locking the Web open. Niter adapted from APIs to scraping public pages, but now faces demands to remove source code, treating a public post viewer as a circumvention device under computer-crime statutes.

The core issue: how to "SELECT * FROM internet"? Traditional APIs act as receptionists offering fixed menus — get Posts(user), get Followers(user) — but cannot answer complex, cross-service queries or support interactive applications. A two-million-follower account requires 20,000 API round trips, making real-time features impossible. Cross-service joins (posts + photos + reviews) are blocked by siloed data cabinets.

The solution lies in open protocols: atproto continues growing, ActivityPub remains resilient, and the community builds toward an open social web where data is directly accessible, not gatekept by corporate receptionists.